Democracy and elections in africa in the democratic republic. The 10 best democratic republic of the congo hotel deals. The democratic republic of the congo is, within its borders of 30 june 1960, a state based on the rule of law, independent, sovereign, united and indivisible, social, democratic and secular. The problems associated with democratic reform in the democratic republic of the congo drc are manifold. Democracy and elections in africa in the democratic. The democratic republic of the congo enough project. Democratic republic of congo executive summary despite its vast natural resources, the democratic republic of congo drc is one of the worlds poorest countries ranking 176th out of 188 countries in the 2015 human development report. Mar 08, 2011 the democratic republic of the congo has an abundance, as we all know, of valuable natural resources, water, arable land and people, making the drc a potential leader in terms of prosperity and verdate 0ct 09 2002 14. Democratic republic of congo questions and answers on the hearing to confirm the charges against bosco ntaganda at the international criminal court. Introduction we will be speaking about conflicts, wars and the church in the context of the democratic republic of congo. Democratic republic of congo center for civilians in. Effective management of its mining, oil, and forestry resources is key to its future economic progress.
The democratic republic of the congo is the third largest country by area in africa, at 2. Belgiums king leopold ii claimed congo free state as his personal possession. Commercial and industrialscale activities represent major direct longterm threats to the forests. This is the 10th ebola outbreak in the democratic republic of congo. Controlling conflict resources in the democratic republic. The online version of the world reports democratic republic of congo chapter is an update of the printed edition. Democratic republic of the congo page 3 of 78 world. While the name of the country surely lends itself to an assumption of regime type, in actuality, this area has experienced great civil unrest over the last five decades, resulting in an extremely tenuous socalled democracy. The mindset of most international actors in drc remains one where. The democratic republic of the congo has an abundance, as we all know, of valuable natural resources, water, arable land and people, making the drc a potential leader in terms of prosperity and verdate 0ct 09 2002 14.
Root causes of the deadly conflict in the democratic republic. The 10 best democratic republic of the congo hotel deals may. Democratic republic of congo democratic republic of congo after two successive wars 19961997 and 19982003, the democratic republic of congo drc organized its first elections labeled as free, democratic, and transparent after more than 40 years. Unfortunately, these actions were not without their. After two successive wars 19961997 and 19982003, the democratic republic of congo drc organized its first elections labeled as free, democratic, and transparent after more than 40 years. Violence in the democratic republic of congo global. The democratic republic of the congo roots of the crisis the crisis in the democratic republic of the congo, or drc, has many layers. The country has been dubbed the rape capital of the world and has suffered the deadliest war since the second world war. Democratic republic of the congo 21 background the resumption of con. The population density, of 28 people per square kilometre, is comparatively low, creating intrinsic difficulties for. Conflict analysis summary democratic republic of the congo. Ensure the protection of civilians, including humanitarian personnel, under imminent threat of physical violence, in particular violence emanating from any of the parties engaged in the conflict.
Existing intercommunity tensions became part of a wider conflict involving militias, armed groups and security. Democratic republic of the congo page 2 of 78 world. Democratic republic of congo questions and answers on the. It rarely makes global headlines, but more than five million people have been killed in the democratic republic of congo drc in the past 20 years. Early in 2012, he sought to extradite multiple leaders of the cndp group, most notably bosco ntaganda, who was accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity. Congolese soldiers from the armed forces of the democratic republic of congo fardc rest in the forest after the army took control of an allied democratic forces adf rebel camp near the town of. Over the past two decades the eastern provinces of the democratic republic of the congo have experienced fighting that has killed more than five million people. Backed by strong public support of his actions to reduce the violence in the drcs eastern regions, joseph kabila was reelected as president in 2011. Conflicts in the democratic republic of congo united nations. Democratic republic of the congo is the very heart of the african continent. In 1960, the drc gained independence from king leopold ii and belgium after nationalist uprisings in now called kinshasa. The impacts of warfare, mining, and protected areas on deforestation van butsic a. Information about whether they continue to be persecuted or whether this has completely ceased in recent years. Table of contents preamble title i general provisions.
Deforestation and forest degradation have increased in the democratic republic of congo drc despite the governments commitment to safeguard its forests. Bulende and kabalole communities 27 4a conflict between banro mining company, artisanal miners and the local community 27 4a. Violence has plagued the democratic republic of congo drc since its emergence from belgian colonial rule in 1960. Many can attest that the momentum to kill and maim is still in full swing despite a peace agreement signed in 2003.
Controlling conflict resources in the democratic republic of. Conflict profile since its period of colonial rule 19081960, dr congo has repeatedly suffered conflict. The democratic republic of the congo page 2 context the democratic republic of the congo is the third largest country by area in africa, at 2. Peace and conflict resolution from the democratic republic of. Postindependence, under president mobutu, entrenched corruption through the 1970s and 80s caused the country to splinter into city states, some with no formal justice system. Since the late 19th century, congos vast natural resources have continually attracted violent intervention from abroad and stoked internal conflicts. Democratic republic of congo researched and compiled by the. For example, neighboring uganda has continued to clash with the lords resistance army in northeastern. Democratic republic of the congo page 2 of 78 the guardian.
On the recent constitutional history of the democratic republic of congo, mangu congo, democratic republic of the in gerhard robbers ed encyclopedia of world constitutions vol 1 2007 2214. A president was elected by universal franchise for a fiveyear term and a national assembly of 500 representatives, a senate, provincial. Nations in the democratic republic of the congo monuc, in close cooperation with the government of the democratic republic of the congo, shall. It is with apprehension that the congolese public and the international community await the december 2016 election season, which marks the official end of president joseph. The stable economic growth recorded in recent years has been jeopardized since 2016. We work with authorities and communities in the drc to. Though the war officially ended in 2003, eastern drc is still one of the most dangerous places on earth, especially for children and women. In response to a request from the government of the democratic republic of the congo drc, in 2009 the united nations environment programme unep initiated a national, multithematic assessment of priority environmental issues facing the country. But like too many of its neighbors, it faces enormous challenges. Presentation for the 2 nd annual global convening of organizations and individuals dedicated to preventing and ending atrocities and deadly violence against civilians root causes of the deadly conflict in the democratic republic of the congo.
This is a list of conflicts in democratic republic of the congo arranged chronologically from the early modern period to present day. We will be speaking about conflicts, wars and the church in the context of the. New legislation on the organization of the press and broadcasting media, proposed by the ministry of. It is part of the ministry of environment, nature conservation and tourism. Commercial and industrialscale activities represent major direct longterm threats to the. Uganda, judgment, 19 december 2005, caserelated116116 20051219jud0100en. Unicef annual report 2017 democratic republic of congo.
The democratic republic of the congo has an abundance of valuable natural resources, water, arable land, and people, making the drc a potential leader in terms of prosperity and development on the continent. Pdf this essay analyzes the role of insurgent groups in the antikabila civil war in the congo. A 40year old man shared his opinion of monusco with civic in pinga, democratic republic of congo insecurity and violence against civilians in the democratic republic of congo drc is on the rise as the countrys president, joseph kabila, delays national elections and his commitment to step down from power. Forty years later, on july 10, 1999, drc, along with angola, namibia, zimbabwe, rwanda, and uganda, signed the lusaka ceasefire agreement for a cessation of hostilities between all belligerent forces in the congo.
Introduction this study is the result of a mix of ground investigation made in the past few years in the democratic republic of congo from here on, drc and in the neighboring countries of the great lakes region by the school for a culture of peace. Scenarios for the democratic republic of congo prepared on behalf of the drc affinity group august 2014. Its emblem is the skyblue flag with a large yellow star in the upper left corner and crossed diagonally by a red strip lightly framed by yellow. Oct 09, 20 root causes of the deadly conflict in the democratic republic of the congo. Beyond emergency responses in the democratic republic of the congo 3 tanzania before being shipped to smelting and processing companies in asia. Background and current developments congressional research service summary in october 2008, the forces of the national congress for the defense of the congolese people cndp, under the command of general laurent nkunda, launched a major offensive against the. Neighboring countries include angola, burundi, central african republic, republic of the congo, rwanda, south sudan, tanzania, uganda, and zambia.
Conflict minerals and the democratic republic of congo bsr. Transforming it is a priority in order to alleviate the con. Conflict in the eastern regions backed rcd rebels, on the other hand, rejected the deal. A report by the united states department of state under the heading.
Insecurity and violence against civilians in the democratic republic of congo drc is on the rise as the countrys president, joseph kabila, delays national elections and his commitment to step down from power. Congo, democratic republic of kinshasa political corruption, weak rule of law, and violence remained prevalent in the democratic republic of congo drc in 2014. The conflict in the democratic republic of congo drc has claimed more than 5. Conservation and conflict in the democratic republic of congo. Natural resources conflict in the democratic republic of. Flow diagram of congos conflict mineral supply chain. Center for civilians in conflict democratic republic of congo. The democratic republic of the congo drc is a country located in central africa with a short atlantic ocean coastline. In july, rwanda and the drc signed a peace deal known as the pretoria accord, focused on two main issues. The root causes of conflict in the democratic republic of congo. Also listed might be any battle that occurred within the territory of.
Background report on eastern democratic republic of the congo. Beyond emergency responses in the democratic republic of the congo 2 cndp. Conflict in the kasai, democratic republic of the congo. Conflict analysis summary democratic republic of the. Democratic republic of the congo political situation 26. Securing forest peoples rights and tackling deforestation in. Democratic republic of the congo, january 23, 2019. Relations congressional research service 3 historical background due to its resources, vast territory, and location figure 1, drc has long served as an arena of regional and international competition. Sexual violence remains one of the biggest challenges facing the democratic republic of congo. The second congo war, also known as africas world war and the great war of africa, began in august 1998 in the democratic republic of the congo formerly called zaire, and officially ended in july 2003 when the transitional government of the democratic republic of the congo took power though hostilities continue to this day.
Conflict minerals and the democratic republic of congo. The state of democracy in the democratic republic of congo. Understanding the conflict dynamics in north and south kivu, democratic republic of congo 3 4 mwenga territory. Securing forest peoples rights and tackling deforestation. This list includes nationwide and international wars, including. Democratic republic of congo announcement of the provisional results of the presidential election 10.
More than 2,000 people have died since august 2018. Table of contents preamble title i general provisions citizen. Nov 27, 2015 the democratic republic of the congo drc has never gotten a break it has suffered one humanitarian or political crisis after another and has been fraught with civil war and corruption for decades. Root causes of the deadly conflict in the democratic. Violence initially flared in the kasai region of the democratic republic of the congo in august 2016, sparked by tensions between customary chiefs in kasaicentral province and the government. Now centered in the east of the country, it involves a range of militant groups local militias, congolese and rwandan rebels, and the congolese army that use control over the countrys rich mineral. The conflict in eastern congo has been the most deadly one since. List of conflicts in the democratic republic of the congo.